Musical interventions affect not only the physiologic domains of the patient such as blood pressure and heart rate, but also emotional domains, such as perioperative anxiety levels. Music, among various interventions, has been proposed to reduce operative anxiety. Worries about loss of control, being in an unfamiliar environment and expectation for good surgical results can produce high levels of peri-operative anxiety for patients. Binaural beat embedded musical intervention may have benefit over musical intervention alone in decreasing operative anxiety.Īnxiety is a common cause of psychological stress for patients undergoing eye surgery, as most of the operations are performed while the patient is awake. Patients who received binaural beat audio showed additional decrease in heart rate. Music, both with and without binaural beat, was proven to decrease anxiety level and lower systolic BP. A significant reduction in heart rate was seen only in the BB group (BB vs control P=0.004, BB vs MI P=0.050, MI vs control P=0.303). Systolic BP was significantly lower in both MI ( P=0.043) and BB (0.040) groups although there was no difference between the two groups ( P=1.000). Patients in the MI group and BB group showed significant reduction of STAI state scores after music intervention compared with the control group ( P<0.001) but the difference was not significant between the MI and BB group (STAI-S score MI group −7.0, BB group −9.0, P=0.085). The BB and MI groups comprised 44 patients each and the control group 47. Peri-operative anxiety level was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire (STAI). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate were measured on admission, at the beginning of and 20 min after the start of the operation. The patients were randomized into three groups the Binaural beat music group (BB), the plain music intervention group (MI), and a control group (ear phones with no music). This prospective RCT included 141 patients undergoing cataract surgery under local anesthesia. To investigate the anxiolytic effects of binaural beat embedded audio in patients undergoing cataract surgery under local anesthesia.
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